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It's 2320 and the Outies have launched an attack on Mankind's far-flung space empire. To gain energy they're converting colonies into Black Holes. All that stands in their way are 16 Scoutships, led by you of course.
Despite the familiar plot, this is certainly not your average alien-bashing-shoot-'em-up. It's a complex game, so pay attention! The arcade action occurs in Einstein-Minkowski Four-Space, representing space-time as a rubber sheet which dips around stars and planets to show their gravity wells. What this really means is that there's a rather hilly, multi-directionally scrolling playfield!
There are 128 playfields (or solar systems) to explore. You move between them by entering Black Holes, which automatically take you where your latest orders instruct. There are five types of missions:
1) Exploration.
2) Terraforming - colonising planets.
3) Military Action - entering Outie-occupied systems, blasting enemy ships, and turning their Black Holes into suns.
4) Colony Protection - escorting colony ships.
5) Route Construction - establishing Black Holes so you can jump to previously unreachable systems.

Control of your scoutship is relatively simple, with keys recommended. However there are plenty of options, including three types of engine, guns and customised missiles (alter everything from guidance to engine). For defence there are drones (which you can pre-program using flow charts!) and a Black Globe Generator which envelopes baddies in an impenetrable energy field. Even more important are Tools which can turn a Black Hole into a sun, a planet into a colony, evaporate an Outie Black Hole, ore make a rocky planet inhabitable. Extra equipment can be bought at colonies by earning cash from hits - damage inflicted on either the enemy or yourself!

You start the game at Star Command (StarCom), which can give between 0% and 99% of the vital strategic orders to all the Scoutships (including your own). Should you want to give an order you can use the Holo Tank to examine the galaxy, set markers on stars then select an order (i.e. Explore, Colonize, Skirmish, Conquer, and Convoy). You can assume direct control of any of the ships, and when you die you automatically go to the next ship.

The Outies have three types of ship: Engineer ships (convert suns into Black Holes), Warships (eight types, including Kamikazes and Carriers), and Control/Engineeering Platforms (four sizes, which carry the two previous ship types). These vary considerably in size, and can make life very difficult.

Zzap! Issue 62, June 1990, p.77

This strategy/arcade game has more detail crammed into it than almost any other game I can think of. It even gives Midwinter a run for its money on the complexity front, although this does mean a lot of disk accessing when you call up menus. It's also a pity the strategy area isn't more user friendly. As for the arcade element, zapping baddies by rotating left/right, thrusting, and pressing fire is a lot like Asteroids - playable but not astonishing. The massive selection of weapons, programmable drones, and some great baddies add some variety but a lot of the action demands close attention to radar due a very restricted view of surrounding space on the main display. The tactical/strategic element is probably strongest with plenty of ships, planets, and missions to deal with.

After struggling through the scenario you might be a little baffled, it's enough to puzzle even me! But underneath all the jargon, Gravity is essentially a strategic shoot-'em-up with plenty of knobs. The core arcade game, with your ship rolling around an isometric playfield shooting off missiles, is hardly astonishing although some enemy graphics are great and the range of weaponry is impressive. The strategy game is very challenging, with plenty of orders and ships to mess about with. An intriguing and innovative game, which some people will love, even though I honestly never got hooked myself.

6 4
No plans for a C64 version.
u p d a t e


PRESENTATION 82%
Redefinable keys, choose strategy level, save game, and drone programming. But the manual isn't as good as it should be.
GRAPHICS 75%
Limited, ST-ish palette but some good enemies.
SOUND 54%
Okay intro tune, in-game FX mediocre with an electric razor engine.
HOOKABILITY 61%
Initially very baffling, and high difficulty level discouraging.
LASTABILITY 80%
Saving Humanity has never been harder... A formidable challenge.
OVERALL
76%
An innovative strategy/arcade game.

Title Gravity
Company Image Works, 1990 by Ross Goodley - graphics by Pete Lyon
Game Type Action Strategy
Players 1
Compatibility All (No Caches)
HD Installable No
Submission Richard Hewison

Review
Before I start this review in earnest, it's probably best to admit a few
things up front. Firstly, I worked for Image Works at the time that
"Gravity" was published back in 1990, although I wasn't involved with its
development in any way. I was subsequently assigned Project Manager on the
follow up called "Drop Soldier". Unfortunately, that game was doomed to be
unfinished and thus remains unpublished to this day. More on that a little
later!

In my opinion, "Gravity" is one of those 16-bit computer games that never
quite got the success it deserved. If you like your science fiction to be
grounded in science fact, and you also like complicated 3D strategy games,
then "Gravity" would have been right up your street.

Having said that, the plot behind "Gravity" was typical Space Opera stuff.
It's the year 2321AD, and mankind has begun colonising the universe.
Unfortunately, they have also encountered the Outies - an alien race who
thirst for energy in the form of charged Black Holes. If they can't find
any lying around, they convert nearby suns instead, usually wiping out any
orbitting colonised planets along the way.

It was the player's job to eradicate the entire Outie fleet. This was
achieved by colonising planets, developing technology on those planets and
(if they were lucky) tracing the Outies back to their home base and wiping
them out for good.

The above description barely does the game justice, as an enormous amount
of effort went into its design. In particular, Ross Goodley took some
basic principles from Einstein's General Theory of Relativity and created
a game that was centred around how gravity in space actually works, and
how spaceships might be able to travel from solar system to solar system.

"Gravity" is played out in one small sector of the Milky Way Galaxy, with
128 randomly generated star systems to convert or colonise from a possible
selection of 65,536.

Star Command (aka Starcom) is the player's homebase. If the Outies
destroyed Starcom, then it's game over. Starcom is also the strategic
heart of the entire game. Once "Gravity" had finished loading from disk,
Starcom immediately issues an order to the player's ship (the UNSS Hawking
- one of 16 different Scoutcrafts at their disposal. Many of the craft are
named after famous scientists or Astronomers like Einstein, Herschel and
Newton). The ship under the player's direct control is designated the
'flagship', and when the player's ship is destroyed or they switch to any
one of the other Scoutcrafts, that ship then becomes the flagship for the
entire fleet.

Initial orders from Starcom usually involve moving to a new solar system
and colonising it. Essentially, Starcom issues the orders that should
ultimately lead to victory if successfully executed. However, the level of
Starcom Activity can be tailored by the player. If set to 0%, then Starcom
issues no orders at all. The default setting was 50%, but at 99% Starcom
would issue orders to the entire Scoutcraft fleet, leaving the player to
only worry about their own ship and orders. If the player takes the
decision to make the orders rather than receive them, then they set the
activity level to low and can then issue orders to Starcom instead.

Ignoring the strategy side of the game for a moment, the main action in
"Gravity" is presented in 3D on a grid known as Einstein - Minkowski
Four-Space. Basically, a 3D grid is laid over a backdrop of stars, and the
grid shows the gravitational effects of any stars or planets that are in
close proximity to the player's ship. It looks like the ship is gliding
along the surface of the grid, following any hills or dips that it
encounters on the grid along the way. However, without any counter thrust
(from the ship's own engines), the ship will rapidly slide down into the
dips created by the nearby stars and planets. This follows the unified
'curved space-time' theory which goes something like this; imagine holding
a rubber sheet, and then placing a heavy billiard or snooker ball in the
middle of the sheet. The ball would naturally create an indentation (or
'well') in the rubber. If you were then to roll a marble onto the sheet it
would naturally follow the curve of the sheet created by the weight of the
ball and fall inwards towards it. This is a practical way of demonstrating
the theory behind how gravity works in space.

"Gravity" the game also takes into effect the proximity of competing
sources of gravitational pull on the player's ship. Once the ship has
thrusted away from one source of gravity, another source might also start
to have an effect on the ship's trajectory. This pull (along with the
gravity wells) is shown on the player's long range radar.

Controlling the ship in the Einstein - Minkowski Four-Space grid is simple
- just use left and right keys to rotate the ship and another key to apply
thrust. Fuel needed for the engines can be replenished by flying close by
giant gas planets. Talking of engines, the ship comes supplied with two
different types of engine - an ion drive and an orion system which
detonates small fission bombs behind a specially created shield 440 times
a second to channel the blasts and thrust the ship forwards. The player
can easily switch engines at the press of a key.

Apart from having room for engines, the ship also has a number of weaponry
slots. By default, every craft starts with a Nova gun and a missile. The
Nova gun is another facet of the game that is based upon a real
scientific theory - in this case Stephen Hawking's 'Grand Unification of
Forces'.

For defence, the ship contains drones that can be launched to deal with
any small Outie incursions in the area. They are equipped with an ion
drive and a simple laser weapon. They can also be programmed via a Combat
Orientated Language (COL) with a mixture of 14 commands.

So how does a typical game of "Gravity" start? Having received an order to
colonise a solar system, the player should immediately decide what level
of activity they want Starcom to have. For beginners, set this to 99%,
then take control of the UNSS Hawking and fly for the nearest singularity
by using the long range radar and looking for any local gravity wells that
have a singularity (black hole) at their centre. Steer and thrust the ship
into the hole and they will emerge at the required destination (thanks to
the orders being automatically programmed into the Holocube navigational
system).

Now start looking for a suitable planet to colonise. The player will need
to bring up the ship's Tools module and have a Colony module ready to be
launched by the time they encounter the planet. Once in close orbit,
launch the module and then wait to be informed if a colony has been
established. Once this is confirmed, Starcom will issue fresh orders.

The player might encounter Outie ships en route. If they do, they can
either rotate the ship and fire on them manually, or launch a drone and
let it take care of them for you. The ship might also encounter a number
of naturally occuring galactic phenomena, including asteroid showers and
VarSings (variable singularities that simply pop into existence, crushing
anything close by, and then disappearing again). Nobody said colonising a
solar system was going to be easy!

If fuel begins to run out, the player also needs to start searching for a
nearby solar system with a giant gas planet. Flying close by to such a
planet will allow the ship to refuel. Once colonies are established, the
ship can also upgrade its drives, weapons, tools and so on once the planet
has reached a certain technological level.

There is much more to "Gravity" than what I've described here, but this
should give most people a good idea of what to expect from the game.
Unfortunately, "Gravity" failed to enjoy the success that it could have
achieved, despite some good reviews from the magazines at the time. I have
my own theories as to why this might be:

Firstly, it was released at a time when licensed games were all the rage,
especially movie tie-ins. Original games (especially strategy titles) were
often over-looked by the punters.

Secondly, the game suffered from excessive disk loading. It wasn't as big
a problem on the Amiga version, as that came on one double sided 880kb
disk, but the ST version came on two single-sided disks and disk swapping
rapidly became a pain unless you had two drives.

Thirdly, (and most importantly in my opinion) the manual included in the
box let the game down badly. "Gravity" was a very complex game with a raft
of features and things to do. Unfortunately, the manual was written more
like a reference guide. It described all of the functions in the game, but
it wasn't in any logical order. A player trying to play "Gravity" for the
first time would have no idea what to do when the first Starcom order came
inside the first 20 seconds. You would expect the manual to explain how to
control the ship and move to your new destination early on, but no - the
first mention doesn't appear until page 34 and even then it isn't very
helpful - "To accept the mission, simply get out there and do your
stuff..."! In fact, the first real clue as to how you are meant to do it
isn't found until you read the programmer's tips on page 75!

The Mirrorsoft marketing department took the decision in 1991 to give the
Amiga version of "Gravity" away with CU Amiga magazine. I don't have a
copy of the magazine to hand, but I doubt that the instructions given in
the magazine would have been any more helpful than the considerably more
detailed and longer instructions included in the manual!

Although I worked for the publisher, I only started playing "Gravity"
properly a few years after the game had been released. It took a long time
to fathom out how to get through the first colonising mission, but
gradually things began to become clearer. I won't pretend to have ever
mastered the game or made significant progress, but I was always
fascinated by the real scientific principles behind the design and how it
all fitted together.

As I mentioned at the very start, I was given Ross Goodley's follow up to
"Gravity" to manage for Image Works in 1991. "Drop Soldier" was set in the
same game universe, and continued the battle between mankind and the
Outies. However, this time, the game was going to be played from the
soldier's perspective. The player was going to be in command of a troop of
'drop soldiers' who would be hand picked on a mission-by-mission basis.
Different soldiers had different skills that could be used to complete the
missions successfully.

The main game view in "Drop Soldier" was going to be from inside the
soldier's helmet, looking out onto a 3D alien landscape. The soldiers were
each equipped with a power-suit, capable of making enormous jumps across a
planet's surface. Early development versions of the game had fairly bland
and featureless planet surfaces, with ocaissional palm trees and a few
buildings to wander around inside and explore. There might have been a few
objects to collect as well, but actual missions were never implemented.

Pete Lyon once again was creating the graphics for "Drop Soldier" with
everything else being created by Ross Goodley. The development schedule
was meant to be 14 months from start to finish, but Mirrorsoft went
into Administration in late 1991 and the game never recovered. Remembering
it now, I was always a little concerned that the Amiga and Atari ST
weren't really up to the task. The 3D was a bit slow and a bit clunky, and
although there were some very nice looking graduated sunset skies to look
at, the rest of it might have ended up looking a little bland. Of course,
had "Drop Soldier" been developed maybe three or four years later for the
486 VGA or SVGA IBM PC, then I think it could have been a very good game.

If some of the game elements sound familiar, it might be because Ross was
a big fan of Robert Heinlein's classic sci-fi war novel, Starship
Troopers. The original novel had skinnies and bugs as the main
protagonists and the soldiers had armoured suits that could leap miles in
one bound. Soldiers were dropped in individual capsules from orbit onto
the battlefield below. All of these elements were to be found in the
original game specification.

Hopefully this review might persuade a few people to hunt down "Gravity"
and give it a go under emulation. The fact that you can run it at a faster
speed under WinUAE or STeem should help the loading times issue, and the
quick tips I've given for completing a simple colonisation mission should
help get you started.